Nitrogen - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  N

Relative atomic mass: 14.0067 +- 0.0002

English: Nitrogen
French: Azote
Croatian: Dusik
German: Stickstoff
Italian: Azoto
Spanish: Nitrogeno

Atomic number: 7
Group numbers: 15
Period: 2
Standard state (20 ^oC): gas

Discovery: 1772 Daniel Rutherford (GB)

Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford (GB) in 1772. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words nitron genes meaning nitre and forming and the Latin word nitrum (nitre is a common name for potassium nitrate, KNO3). It is a colourless, odourless, generally inert gas, minimally reactive at room temperature. Nitrogen is a component of many organic and inorganic compounds and makes up about 78% of earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is obtained from liquid air by fractional distillation. Nitrogen is primarily used to produce ammonia and other fertilizers and for making nitric acid, which is used in explosives. It is also used in welding and enhanced oil recovery. The price of 99.999 % pure nitrogen gas costs 177.10 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 2.05 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).

Electronic configuration: [He] 2s² 2p³
Formal oxidation number: -3 -2 -1 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
Atomic radius: 54.9 pm

Electronegativities: 3.04
Thermal conductivity: 0.0258 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 ^oC): - microOhm cm

Melting point: -210.00 ^oC
Boiling point: -195.8 ^oC

Heat of fusion: 0.72 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 5.577 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 470.842 kJ/mol