Carbon - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  C

Relative atomic mass: 12.0107 +- 0.0008

English: Carbon
French: Carbone
Croatian: Ugljik
German: Kohlenstoff
Italian: Carbonio
Spanish: Carbono

Atomic number: 6
Group numbers: 14
Period: 2
Standard state (20 ^oC): solid

Discovery: - -

Carbon has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word carbo meaning charcoal. Carbon has three forms: graphite, diamond and c60. Graphite form of carbon is a black, odourless, slippery solid and sublimes at 3825 °C. Diamond form is a clear or coloured; an extremely hard solid. C60 is Buckminsterfullerine. Carbon black burns readily with oxidants. Carbon is made by burning organic compounds with insufficient oxygen. There are close to ten million known carbon compounds, many thousands of which are vital to organic and life processes. Radiocarbon dating uses the carbon-14 isotope to date old objects. Black amorphous carbon (99.9 %) costs 48.40 € for 1000 g. Graphite powder (99.9 %) costs 46.50 € for 1000 g. Diamond powder (99.9 %) costs 265.70 € for 5 g. Fullerene powder (99.5 %) costs 762.20 € for 5 g.

Electronic configuration: [He] 2s² 2p²
Formal oxidation number: -4 +2 +4
Atomic radius: 77.2 pm

Electronegativities: 2.55
Thermal conductivity: 5.7 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 ^oC): 1375 microOhm cm

Melting point: 3550 ^oC
Boiling point: 4827 ^oC

Heat of fusion: 105 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 710.9 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 711.2 kJ/mol