Titanium - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  Ti

Relative atomic mass: 47.867 +- 0.001

English: Titanium
French: Titane
Croatian: Titanij
German: Titan
Italian: Titanio
Spanish: Titanio

Atomic number: 22
Group numbers: 4
Period: 4
Standard state (20 ^oC): solid

Discovery: 1791 William Gregor (GB)

Titanium was discovered by William Gregor (GB) in 1791. Named after the Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology. It is a shiny, dark-grey metal. In powdered form it burns in air. Exposed surfaces form oxide coating. It can be highly polished and is relatively immune to tarnishing. Titanium is unreactive with alkali and most acids. Titanium usually occurs in the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3), rutile (TiO2) and iron ores. Pure metal produced by heating TiO2 with carbon and chlorine to produce TiCl4 then heated with Mg gas in argon atmosphere. Since it is strong and resists acids it is used in many alloys. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment that covers surfaces very well, is used in paint, rubber, paper and many others. The price of 99.95 % pure titanium sponge is 202.80 € for 1000 g.

Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d² 4s²
Formal oxidation number: +2 +3 +4
Atomic radius: 144.8 pm

Electronegativities: 1.54
Thermal conductivity: 21.9 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 ^oC): 42 microOhm cm

Melting point: 1668 ^oC
Boiling point: 3287 ^oC

Heat of fusion: 20.9 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 425.5 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 467.14 kJ/mol