Fluorine - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  F

Relative atomic mass: 18.9984032 +- 0.0000005

English: Fluorine
French: Fluor
Croatian: Fluor
German: Fluor
Italian: Fluoro
Spanish: Fluor

Atomic number: 9
Group numbers: 17
Period: 2
Standard state (20 ^oC): gas

Discovery: 1886 Henri Moissan (FR)

Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan (FR) in 1886. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word fluere meaning to flow. It is a pale yellow to greenish gas, with an irritating pungent odour. Fluorine is a extremely reactive, flammable gas. It reacts violently with many materials. It is toxic by inhalation or ingestion. Fluorine doesn't occur elementary in nature. Fluorine is found in minerals: fluorite (CaF2) and cryolite (Na3AlF6). Electrolysis of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or potassium acid fluoride (KHF2) is the only practical method of commercial production. It is used in refrigerants, other fluorocarbons and in toothpaste as sodium fluoride (NaF).

Electronic configuration: [He] 2s² 2p⁵
Formal oxidation number: -1
Atomic radius: 70.9 pm

Electronegativities: 3.98
Thermal conductivity: 0.0256 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 ^oC): - microOhm cm

Melting point: -219.62 ^oC
Boiling point: -188.12 ^oC

Heat of fusion: 1.02 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 3.26 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 76.9 kJ/mol