ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
Cd
Relative atomic mass: 112.411 +- 0.008
English: Cadmium
French: Cadmium
Croatian: Kadmij
German: Cadmium
Italian: Cadmio
Spanish: Cadmio
Atomic number: 48
Group numbers: 12
Period: 5
Standard state (20 oC): solid
Discovery: 1817 Friedrich Strohmeyer (DE)
Cadmium was discovered by Friedrich Strohmeyer (DE) in 1817. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word cadmia meaning calamine (zinc carbonate, ZnCO3), or from the Greek word kadmeia with the same meaning. It is a soft, malleable, blue-white metal that tarnishes in air, soluble in acids, insoluble in alkalis. Boiling cadmium gives off a weird, yellow-coloured vapour that is poisonous. Cadmium can cause a variety of health problems, including kidney failure and high blood pressure. Cadmium is obtained as a by product of zinc refining. The mayor use of cadmium is in electroplating of steel to protect it from corrosion. It is also used to make nickel-cadmium batteries. The ability of cadmium to adsorb neutrons has made it of great importance in the design of nuclear reactors. Its compounds are found in paint pigments and a wide variety of intense colours. The price of 99.95 % pure cadmium shot is 187.70 € for 1000 g.
Electronic configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2
Formal oxidation number: +2
Atomic radius: 148.9 pm
Electronegativities: 1.69
Thermal conductivity: 96.8 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 oC): 6.83 microOhm cm
Melting point: 312.07 oC
Boiling point: 767 oC
Heat of fusion: 6.11 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 100 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 112.05 kJ/mol
47Ag <= 48Cd => 49In
ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements
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6 Jan. 2020
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